主题：Psychological Incentives, Financial Incentives, and Risk Attitudes in Tournaments: An Artefactual Field Experiment
主讲人：Charles Bram Cadsby, University of Guelph
主持人：西南财经大学经济与管理研究院副教授 翁祉泉
时间：2014年5月28日下午2:00－3:30
地点：光华校区经济与管理研究院205
主办单位：经济与管理研究院 科研处
主讲人简介：
Charles Bram Cadsby是加拿大University of Guelph经济学教授，1985年获麻省理工学院经济学博士学位，主要研究方向是实验经济学、实验金融学。他的论文发表在Journal of Finance, Management Science, Journal of Public Economics, Academy of Management Journal, Games and Economic Behavior, Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, Experimental Economics等顶尖期刊上。
内容提要：
本文利用实验研究心理和经济激励以及风险态度如何影响行为动机和结果。Tournaments are widely used to assign bonuses and determine promotions. Tournament-based compensation is motivating because of the link between relative performance and financial rewards. However, performing relatively well (poorly) may also yield psychological benefits (pain). This may also stimulate effort. Through a real-effort artefactual field experiment with factory workers in China, we examine how both psychological and financial incentives, together with attitudes toward risk, may influence motivation and performance. For comparison purposes, Chinese undergraduate students also participated in a comparable laboratory experiment. We provided performance-ranking information both privately and publicly, with and without rank based financial incentives. Our results show that performance-ranking information had a significant motivational effect on average performance for students, but not for workers. Adding financial incentives based on rank provided little evidence of further improvements. Much of the difference between workers and students can be explained by differences in attitudes toward risk. Indeed, for both groups the size of both financial and psychological incentive effects is inversely related to individual levels of risk aversion, and is positive and significant both for workers and for students who are sufficiently risk-tolerant. Lastly, performance did not deteriorate when incentives were removed, suggesting that they worked through the encouragement of learning.
